1. remarkable achievements in agricultural development
The Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held in p>1978 shifted the focus of the Party's work to the track centered on economic construction. First, it adopted a series of major policies and measures for the reform and development of agriculture and rural areas, which greatly liberated and developed agricultural productivity.
(1) The comprehensive agricultural production capacity has been steadily improved
Since the reform and opening up, the rural areas of Yili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture have implemented a two-tier management system based on household contract management, which has greatly liberated and developed agricultural productivity. By 27, the proportion of sown area of grain crops in the total sown area of crops decreased from 84.91% in 1978 to 58.16%, and the proportion of cash crops and other crops increased from 15.9% in 1978 to 41.84%. The total grain output increased from 431,7 tons in 1978 to 1,351,1 tons, the oil output increased from 15,8 tons to 111,8 tons, the cotton output increased from 126 tons to 12, tons, the beet output increased from ,6 tons to 1,99 tons, the flax output increased from 356 tons to 53,6 tons, and the total meat output increased from 19,1 tons to 193,8 tons. The per capita net income of farmers and herdsmen increased from 11 yuan in 1978 to 3,93 yuan in 27, an increase of 34.5 times.
(2) Vigorously adjust the agricultural industrial structure
For a long period of time, because of violating the laws of nature and economy, the agricultural industrial structure was unreasonable, which seriously restricted the improvement of agriculture and farmers' income. In 1978, agriculture accounted for 68.9% of the total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery, and the total output value of forestry, animal husbandry and fishery was only 31.1%. Since the reform and opening up, Yili Prefecture has made great efforts to adjust the rural industrial structure, gradually breaking through the single structure that rural economy is agriculture, agriculture is planting, and planting is grain. Diversification and township enterprises have developed rapidly, and rural secondary and tertiary industries have gradually become new growth points of rural economy, township enterprises have become important pillars of the national economy, and the whole agriculture has shown a prosperous situation. The variety and quality structure of agricultural products have been adjusted, and agriculture with high yield, high quality and high efficiency has developed rapidly. By 27, the proportion of agriculture in the total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery decreased to 5.6%, down 18.3 percentage points from 1978, and the proportion of output value of animal husbandry increased to 44.91%, up 15.71 percentage points from 1978. The development of rural non-agricultural industries has also promoted the optimization of rural employment structure and accelerated the process of rural urbanization and modernization.
1. Planting
Yili Prefecture has actively adjusted the planting structure, vigorously developed superior and characteristic crops, increased investment in science and technology, supported agricultural products processing enterprises, and greatly improved the agricultural investment environment, which has made direct agriculture in Yili Prefecture develop by leaps and bounds. At present, the grain planting area in Yili Valley ranks second in Xinjiang, corn ranks second in Xinjiang, and soybean ranks first in Xinjiang; Oil ranked first in Xinjiang; Beet ranks first in Xinjiang, flax ranks first in Xinjiang and ranks second in the country. At present, Ili Valley has become an important grain, oil and sugar base of the country and the autonomous region, and a major soybean and flax production area. The largest sugar beet production area in China and the second largest flax production area in China. The largest soybean production area in the autonomous region, one of the three high-quality rice production areas, and the largest Red Globe grape production base in China.
in p>27, the state directly planted 4.94 million mu of various crops, and the total grain output reached 1,351,1 tons, an increase of 919,4 tons compared with 431,7 tons in 1978. Among them, the total output of wheat reached 366,6 tons, an increase of 42% compared with 258,2 tons in 1978, and the yield per unit area increased from 89 kg/mu to 324 kg/mu; The total output of corn reached 835,7 tons, 5.5 times higher than that of 152,7 tons in 1978, and the yield per unit area increased from 212 kg/mu to 83 kg/mu. The total output of sugar beet increased from .6 million tons in 1978 to 1.99 million tons, and the yield per unit area increased from 575 kg/mu to 4,8 kg/mu. In 27, there were 34 pollution-free agricultural product bases in the state, with an area of 1.261 million mu. The agricultural product quality and safety inspection system was gradually established, and an agricultural product inspection and testing network was initially formed with the state agricultural product quality and safety inspection center as the backbone and county-level inspection stations as the foundation. "Luyuan", "Extra Green" and "Yihui" brand vegetables, "Zhuoyou" brand peanuts and "Western Dragon Ball" brand grapes all have certain popularity and market competitiveness.
2. Animal husbandry
According to the development strategy of "animal husbandry big state", the agricultural industrial structure was adjusted, the animal husbandry continued to develop, and the output of livestock products was significantly improved. In 27, the output value of animal husbandry reached 3.425 billion yuan at current prices, 3 times higher than that in 1978, accounting for 44.91% of the total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery. The output of meat, milk, wool and eggs increased from 19,58 tons, 11,67 tons, 4,858 tons and 586 tons in 1978 to 194, tons, 427, tons, 16,2 tons and 56,7 tons in 27 respectively, and the output of aquatic products increased from 84 tons in 1978 to 11,9 tons. During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, the per capita consumption of meat, eggs and milk reached 56.1 kg, 19.3 kg and 119.5 kg respectively. At present, animal husbandry in the autonomous prefecture has developed in an all-round way, with the output of meat, milk and eggs ranking first in Xinjiang, and the per capita possession exceeding the average level in Xinjiang. The structure of livestock products has been gradually optimized, and animal husbandry has become a pillar industry for farmers and herdsmen to continuously increase their income.
generally speaking, animal husbandry has developed into a pillar industry in the rural economy, and it has changed from focusing on output growth to paying equal attention to quality and output. Strengthening market competitiveness and protecting the ecological environment have gradually been put on the agenda of animal husbandry development, and animal husbandry in the state has entered a new development period. At present, there are 14 slaughter and meat and egg processing enterprises and 17 dairy products enterprises in Zhouzhi, initially forming related industries such as dairy, meat, biopharmaceuticals, leather, poultry and eggs, feed and grass industry.
3. Forestry and Fruit Industry
Since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, with the deepening of rural economic reform and the development of the "Three North" shelter forest system, we have adhered to the principle of "taking farmland forest network construction as the center and road forest belt as the skeleton", and in line with the principle of "adjusting measures to local conditions, fortifying against hazards, making it easy before it is difficult, being near before it is far, and focusing on key points", we have made great efforts to afforest the surrounding areas, and accelerated the greening of Joe and Joe. A certain scale timber forest and economic forest base in inversion zone have been established. Especially since the 21st century, with the full implementation of five major forestry projects, the deepening of voluntary tree planting by the whole people, the standard of plain greening, the rise of characteristic fruit industry and non-public forestry, forestry construction has shown a rapid development momentum. By the year 2, the farmland in the irrigation area will be fully forested, 6% of counties and cities will achieve the standard of plain greening, and more than 9% of farmland will be sheltered by forests and maintain stable and high yield. In 27, the total area of straight fruit trees in the state has grown to 563,1 mu, and the total output of fruit trees has increased from 15,3 tons in 1978 to 19,7 tons, and the total output value has increased from 138.83 million yuan to 322.1426 million yuan, accounting for 188% of farmers' income in that year.
By 23, the plantation area in Zhili Prefecture was 2,593,9 mu, and the plantation area in the plain was 1.12 million mu. 891, mu of valley forest was closed, 22 million trees were planted voluntarily, and 73 million people participated in voluntary tree planting. In 27, the forest coverage rate of the state reached 1%.
4. Agricultural machinery
Since the reform and opening up, the total amount of direct agricultural machinery and equipment in Yili Prefecture has greatly increased, and the total power of agricultural machinery has reached 97,8 kilowatts, 5.83 times higher than that in 1978. The level of agricultural mechanization has been steadily improved, with the levels of machine ploughing, machine sowing and machine harvesting reaching 99.4%, 94.4% and 57.3% respectively. The comprehensive mechanization level of farming and harvesting reached 83.7%, which was 6.1, 22.4, 21.7 and 16.7 percentage points higher than that in 1978. The whole process of wheat production has been mechanized, and the level of corn harvesting and rice transplanting has reached 1.2% and 25% respectively.
5. Township enterprises
Under the correct leadership of the state party committee and government, the township enterprises in Yili Prefecture seized the favorable opportunity of the western development, intensified the structural adjustment of township enterprises, improved the overall level of township enterprises, and realized the rapid, sustained and healthy development of township enterprises. By the end of 24, the township enterprises in Zhouzhi had developed into many industries such as coal, machinery manufacturing, processing of agricultural and livestock products, food, brewing, feed, textile, leather, wood processing, printing, dairy products, plastic products, cement, building materials, electric power, smelting, tap water and so on. The number of enterprises reached 47,5, including 145 collective enterprises, 1 joint-stock cooperative enterprises, 11 joint-venture enterprises, 5 limited liability companies, 6 joint-stock companies, 1,287 private enterprises, 37,358 individuals and 2 foreign-funded enterprises. In 27, the added value of township enterprises in Zhouzhi was 2.87 billion yuan, including 1.447 billion yuan in industrial added value, 244 million yuan in taxes paid, 725 million yuan in total profits, 139,9 employees, 1.58 billion yuan in remuneration for workers in township enterprises, and 726.4 yuan in wage income for farmers and herdsmen, making the development of township enterprises strong.
(III) Further Strengthening the Construction of Agricultural Infrastructure
Over the past p>3 years, the Party and the government have done everything possible to increase investment in agriculture, and the investment in agricultural infrastructure, financial funds for supporting agriculture and agricultural credit funds in the national budget have increased year by year, and the utilization of foreign capital in agriculture has also taken gratifying steps. In order to improve the comprehensive agricultural production capacity, the state has invested in a large number of major agricultural, forestry and water conservancy construction projects that have a bearing on the overall situation. Water-saving renovation of large-scale irrigation areas, comprehensive management of small watersheds, soil and water conservation projects, returning farmland to forests, grazing and grassland projects, key shelterbelts and natural forest protection projects, etc. have been or are being brought into play. Mass capital construction of farmland water conservancy has come to a climax, agricultural production conditions have been significantly improved, farmland irrigation and drainage capacity has been greatly improved, and remarkable progress has been made in the construction of seed projects, animal and plant protection systems and agricultural disaster prevention and mitigation systems. By 24, 89 large, medium and small reservoirs have been built in our state, with a total storage capacity of 1.9 billion m3, 14 sluices, 95km of dikes, 64, km of main, branch, bucket and agricultural channels, including 25, km of seepage-proof channels and 15, buildings of various canal systems, and 63.73 million auxiliary motor wells have been built, with an annual water withdrawal of 52 million m3 for irrigation. Solved the drinking water problem of 1.95 million people and 7.23 million livestock in the whole state; The initial control of soil erosion reached 59 thousand hectares, the total amount of aquatic products reached 15 thousand tons, and the annual output value was 15 million yuan. The comprehensive planning of two important international rivers, Ili River and Irtysh River, and a large number of professional planning of ecological security, flood control, water resources and soil and water conservation in pastoral areas have been carried out, effectively guiding the water conservancy construction in the whole state. All these have greatly enhanced the ability of agriculture to resist natural disasters, improved agricultural production conditions and ecological environment, improved the comprehensive agricultural production capacity and promoted the steady growth of agricultural production.
(4) Intensify poverty alleviation and development, and accelerate agricultural development in poverty-stricken areas
Since the mid-198s, the state has clearly defined poverty-stricken areas, identified poverty-stricken counties supported by the state and provinces, started planned and large-scale poverty alleviation and development in rural areas, and realized a major shift from relief-oriented poverty alleviation to development-oriented poverty alleviation from the poverty alleviation strategy. The state has increased investment in poverty alleviation year by year, supported the construction of basic farmland in poverty-stricken areas, improved production conditions, developed agricultural production, and enhanced the ability of self-development. In particular, since 1993, the national "Eighth Seven-Year Plan" has been fully implemented to solve the problem of food and clothing for the remaining poor people in rural areas. After years of hard work, the agricultural infrastructure in poverty-stricken areas has been strengthened, the production and living conditions of the broad masses have been significantly improved, and agricultural production has developed rapidly.
II. Remarkable achievements have been made in industrialization
After 3 years of reform and opening up, Yili's industry has developed by leaps and bounds. From scratch, from small to large, more than 3 industries such as textile, sugar, leather, dairy, food, beverage, cigarettes, coal, gold, electricity and building materials have been formed. It has cultivated a number of famous brand enterprises with high scientific and technological content, large scale and good benefits, such as Honghe Cigarette Factory, COFCO Sifang Sugar, Kangyoumei Soybean, Kangda Grain and Oil, Kuitun Xilong Geotechnical Engineering, Xinjiang Kuikai Electric, Nangang Cement, Wusu Beer, Shake Dairy, Sholbrak Wine and Yili Iron and Steel. In 27, the state's direct GDP reached 23.56 billion yuan, an increase of 18.9 times over 1978; The general budget revenue of local finance reached 1.47 billion yuan, an increase of 29.9 times over 1978; Investment in fixed assets was 1.898 billion yuan, 342 times higher than that in 1978.
during the tenth five-year plan period, the average annual industrial growth rate was 16.52%, which was 6.15 percentage points higher than that during the ninth five-year plan period. Especially since 25, the state has seized the opportunity of western development, vigorously promoted the process of new industrialization, and made great progress in the industrial economy. The total output value of the secondary industry reached 6.143 billion yuan, accounting for more than the primary and tertiary industries. The industrial internal structure adjustment has changed obviously, and new breakthroughs have been made in the three industrial structure adjustments, and the contribution of industry to GDP has been increasing.
1. Vigorously promote infrastructure construction and make the investment structure more reasonable
During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, the state directly completed a total investment of 24.549 billion yuan in local fixed assets, which was 3.92 times of the total investment in fixed assets in the Ninth Five-Year Plan period and 2.18 times of the total investment in fixed assets in the 45 years since the establishment of Yili Prefecture. With the completion of a number of major transportation infrastructure such as railways and expressways, the conditions in all aspects have fundamentally changed. The construction of China-Kazakhstan Horgos International Border Cooperation Center and the integration of China-Kazakhstan railway will raise Ili's opening to the outside world to a brand-new level, and Ili Prefecture already has the conditions and foundation for large-scale development, opening up and development.
2. The industrial structure was further optimized, and the comprehensive strength was obviously enhanced.
In p>25, the state's direct GDP reached 16.516 billion yuan, which was 68.6% higher than that in 2 at comparable prices, with an average annual growth of 1.2% during the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, especially in the two years after the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, which reached L4%, the best level in history. The adjustment of industrial structure was further optimized, and the proportion of three industries was adjusted to 26.3: 37.2: 36.5. The industrial economy operates rapidly and efficiently, and the added value of the secondary industry reaches 6.143 billion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of 17%. A number of leading agricultural industrialization enterprises with competitive advantages have been cultivated and a number of emerging industries have been built.