Standard & Poor's

Standard & Poor's is an authoritative financial analysis institution in the world. Standard & Poor's is headquartered in new york, USA. Standard & Poor's was founded by Henry Vanom Poole in 186. Standard & Poor's was formed by the merger of Poole Publishing Company and Standard Statistics Company in 194 1 year.

Standard & Poor's rated the fund with an asterisk, with a maximum of five stars. And only for funds established for more than three years. The method of star rating is to rank the fund according to its past performance. Only the top 1% funds in the same category can get up to five-star honors. The first four stars are 3 1%-5%, 5 1%-75% are two stars, and the last 25% is one star.

The fund returns in the above ratings are all risk-adjusted. Therefore, funds with the same yield may have different ratings, and funds with the same rating may have very different yields. However, some funds may have absolute returns, but because of their high volatility (standard deviation), that is, high risk, they may be rated worse than funds with lower returns. But generally speaking, a five-star rated fund has a fairly good rate of return among similar funds.

Moody's Investors Service Company

Moody's investment is also one of the three famous credit rating companies in the United States. The founder of Moody's Investment is John Moody, who initiated the credit rating of railway bonds at 199. In 19 13, Moody's began to credit-rate public utility and industrial bonds. At present, Moody's has invested in more than 8 analysts and has offices in 17 countries.

Fitch international

Fitch is also one of the top three credit rating companies in the world. It was founded by John Fitch in 19 13, in 2 14, 12, 3 1 _, 8% of the shares of the company were held by American company Heji, and the other 2% was controlled by French company FIMALACSA.