The main load-bearing structures of houses include foundation, internal and external load-bearing walls, columns, beams, floors and roofs. Public parts refer to outdoor walls, hallways, stairwells, corridors, etc. Public facilities and equipment refer to water supply and drainage pipelines and equipment, distribution cables and equipment, elevators, public lighting, fire-fighting facilities, green spaces, roads, ditches, non-operating parking garages, public cultural and sports facilities and other facilities and equipment owned and used by the owner. The maintenance fund is managed by the Housing Authority, and the application process is complicated.
In 2007, the Measures for the Administration of Special Maintenance Funds for Residential Buildings stipulated that special maintenance funds for residential buildings should be applied to load-bearing walls, roofs, staircases and elevators. However, the "Measures" stipulate that if the maintenance fund is to be used, it must follow the "double two-thirds special majority principle", that is, the owners who account for more than two-thirds of the total construction area and more than two-thirds of the total number of people discuss and pass the use plan.
According to the "Measures for the Administration of Special Maintenance Funds for Residential Buildings", the use of special maintenance funds for residential buildings will ultimately be filed and approved by the real estate administrative department or the corresponding management department. Owners should successively apply to the relevant housing authority, housing safety appraisal department, audit bureau, specialized banks and other departments for professional appraisal of housing safety, audit the budget and final accounts of maintenance plans, hire construction units to maintain construction, and apply for funds allocated by specialized banks.