The formulation of the control scheme requires detailed mine environmental impact assessment to understand the impact of mine development activities on the ecological environment, and on this basis, the mine ecological restoration control scheme is formulated. The implementation of the scheme generally includes four steps: mine investigation, ecological restoration, supervision and evaluation and long-term management.
Now, let's introduce these steps one by one:
1, mine investigation
Mine investigation usually includes the investigation of ecosystem structure and ecological function, water resources status, soil erosion, salinization, wildlife status, human environment and eco-geographical environment. In the investigation, it is also necessary to study the natural factors such as topography, climate, soil type, rock structure and plant community in the mining area to provide accurate basis for the implementation of the plan.
2. Ecological restoration
Ecological restoration is one of the core contents of governance planning. Including planting vegetation, building ecological wetlands, centralized treatment of industrial waste, remediation of heavy metal pollution and other means. Among them, vegetation is the most commonly used means of ecological restoration, which can effectively inhibit soil erosion, accelerate the accumulation of soil organic matter, and provide nutrients and growth environment for plants and soil microorganisms.
3. Monitoring and evaluation
After the implementation of the governance plan, it is necessary to carry out supervision and evaluation to determine the effectiveness of the plan and put forward adjustment measures to ensure the authenticity and reliability of the implementation of the plan. Monitoring and evaluation may take several years or even more than ten years to comprehensively evaluate the effectiveness of the project.
4. Long-term management
Long-term management is the last step of the governance plan. It involves long-term management and maintenance to ensure the long-term effectiveness of the governance plan. Long-term management may include considering the required economic and social conditions, supervising and controlling mining activities, maintaining the restored ecosystem, and renewing and repairing the ecosystem if necessary.
In a word, the implementation of mine ecological restoration and management scheme is an important measure for ecological environment protection and sustainable development. Its importance lies not only in maintaining ecosystem stability and ensuring ecological security, but also in promoting the sustainable development of local economy and society.