1. The scale of logistics is constantly expanding. The output of coal has increased rapidly, and the transportation volume has increased rapidly. In 20 12, the national coal output was 3.65 billion tons, the railway transportation volume was 2.26 billion tons, and the freight volume of major coastal ports was 620 million tons, increasing by 55%, 75% and 73% respectively compared with 2005. The inter-provincial transportation volume was 65.438+0.9 billion tons, an increase of 65% over 2005. The development of coal production has been accelerated to the west, and the average distance of railway transportation has increased from 579 kilometers in 2005 to 655 kilometers in 20 12.
2. Infrastructure has been gradually improved. The central government, local governments and enterprises have increased investment in coal logistics infrastructure, and the routes of transporting west coal to the east and north coal to the south, which are mainly based on railways and maritime transportation, have been continuously improved, and the coal logistics park, which integrates distribution, warehousing and distribution, has developed rapidly. In 20 12 years, the railway coal transportation capacity in Shanxi, Shaanxi and Meng Xi areas reached 10 billion tons, an increase of 400 million tons over 2005; There are 10,000-ton specialized coal terminal berths 189 in China, 70 more than in 2005; The national coal emergency reserve capacity reached 6.7 million tons.
3. The service subject is growing rapidly. By introducing modern logistics concepts, integrating logistics resources, reengineering business processes and developing multi-mode and multi-level modern coal logistics services, a number of coal logistics enterprises have realized the transformation from single coal purchase and sale to circulation value-added services, and their service levels have been continuously improved.
4. The gradual application of advanced technology and equipment. Advanced logistics technologies and equipment such as rapid quantitative loading system and dust suppression device, heavy-duty special vehicles, continuous unloading without hooks, closed centralized storage and digital coal blending have been applied.
5. The level of informatization has been continuously improved. Relying on modern information technology and innovative trading mode, a number of coal electronic trading platforms have been built one after another. Futures varieties such as coke, coking coal and thermal coal are listed and traded one after another. Some enterprises have established coal logistics management information systems to realize logistics information sharing and rapid response.
6. Rapid development of international logistics. A number of enterprises actively implement the strategy of going global, invest in foreign coal logistics infrastructure and expand logistics business. A number of land ports have been opened one after another, and the loading and unloading capacity of coastal ports has been continuously enhanced. In 20 12, the total import and export of coal reached 300 million tons, three times that of 2005. 1. Infrastructure construction lags behind. The capacity of main railway coal transportation channels is insufficient, and the coal transportation satisfaction rate is low, which leads to the continuous increase of long-distance highway coal transportation. The construction of storage and distribution base lags behind, the throughput capacity of major ports is insufficient, the collection and distribution system is not matched, and the emergency support capacity needs to be further improved.
2. The service level of market players is low. The main body of coal logistics service is small, scattered and weak, and most of them are engaged in single business such as transportation, warehousing, loading and unloading, and their comprehensive service ability is weak. Some service subjects lack modern logistics concepts, and their supply chain management and social service capabilities are not strong. Unreasonable allocation of logistics resources and low utilization rate of facilities.
3. The logistics cost of coal is high. The tax rates in all aspects of coal logistics are not uniform, unreasonable charges are excessive, taxes and fees are repeatedly levied, and the burden on enterprises is heavy. The logistics channel is not perfect, some logistics links are not well connected and the circulation efficiency is low. From the place of origin to the main place of consumption, the cost of coal circulation is high.
4. The overall technical level is low. The standardization of coal logistics is low, and it is difficult to achieve effective convergence and compatibility between logistics elements. The overall logistics technology and equipment level is low and the operation efficiency is not high. Energy consumption and emissions have not been effectively controlled, resulting in serious environmental pollution.
5. Lack of logistics talents. The training mechanism of logistics talents is imperfect, the number of talents is small, the professional structure is unreasonable, and the compound talents are in short supply, which is difficult to meet the needs of the rapid development of coal logistics. The coming period will be a crucial period for China to accelerate the transformation of economic development mode and establish a modern logistics service system. Opportunities and challenges coexist in the development of coal logistics.
With the deepening of economic globalization and profound changes in international division of labor, it is required to accelerate the development of modern logistics industry, optimize resource allocation, improve market response speed and timeliness of product supply, reduce logistics costs and enhance industrial competitiveness. China's economic structure transformation is accelerating, and promoting the development of service industry has become the strategic focus of industrial structure optimization and upgrading, which requires speeding up the establishment of a socialized, professional and information-based modern logistics service system. The implementation of relevant planning and supporting policies will create a more favorable and relaxed policy environment for the development of coal logistics.
China's coal demand continues to increase, the layout of production development accelerates to move westward, and the pattern of transporting coal from west to east and coal from north to south is more prominent, which requires developing modern coal logistics, improving logistics efficiency and ensuring stable supply. The construction of large-scale coal bases has been promoted in an orderly manner, and the concentration of coal industry has been continuously improved, which has created favorable conditions for the large-scale and intensive development of coal logistics. The rapid popularization and application of modern logistics technology and new generation information technology provide new opportunities for the development of coal logistics.